The copyright owner is the subject protected by copyright law: that is, the person who enjoys copyright rights and assumes copyright obligations; Article 9 of the "Copyright Law of the People's Republic of China" stipulates: " Copyright holders include: 1. Author; 2. Other citizens, legal persons or non-legal entities that enjoy copyright in accordance with this law."
1. Author: the citizen who created the work is the author.
The natural person who directly creates the work is the original subject of the copyright. The so-called directly created works refer to works in which the author directly (including written, oral and three-dimensional expression) reflects his own thoughts and feelings, personality and characteristics through his own independent conception, using his own skills and methods. Those who help authors revise manuscripts, edit, proofread, review, etc. cannot become authors because they make modifications based on the author's creation.
1. Legal entities and non-legal entities regarded as authors are also the original subjects of copyright.
2. The citizen, legal person or unincorporated entity that signs the work; if there is no proof to the contrary, it is the author.
2. Other citizens, legal persons and unincorporated entities that enjoy copyright; they can become the subject of copyright through inheritance, bequest, transfer and entrustment relationship.
Article 3(6) of the "Succession Law of the People's Republic of China" stipulates that property rights in copyrights can be inherited as inheritance. Article 16 also stipulates that citizens may make a will to donate personal property to the state, collectives or persons other than legal heirs. Article 19 of the Copyright Law stipulates: "After the death of a citizen, the right to use his works and the right to receive remuneration shall be transferred in accordance with the provisions of the inheritance law during the protection period stipulated in this law."
3. Legal entities and non-legal entities that are not regarded as authors
4. The state: According to the "Succession Law of the People's Republic of China", the state is the subject of copyright There are also several situations:
1. The author transfers the original work and the property rights in the copyright to the state free of charge, or transfers the property rights in the copyright of the published work Transferred to the state free of charge;
2. The author transfers all orThe property rights in the copyright of some works will be donated to the state after his death;
3. After the author dies, no one will inherit or receive the property rights in the copyright of his works. , the property rights in copyright are enjoyed by the state;
2. The copyright belongs to a legal person or an unincorporated unit. After the legal person or unincorporated unit is changed or terminated, it will not inherit its rights and interests. An obligated legal person or unincorporated unit, the copyright is enjoyed by the state.
5. Foreigners: Articles 2 and 13 of the Copyright Law of the People's Republic of China: divided into three situations:
1. The first time a foreigner's work is published in China; the first time a foreigner's work is published abroad, the publication within 30 days in China is deemed to be the first time it is published in China;
2. Bilateral agreements, such as two international conventions;
3. Foreign countries that collaborate with Chinese citizens to create works author, but if a Chinese citizen gives up his rights or transfers his rights, and the foreigner's country does not have a bilateral agreement with China or is not a member of the two conventions, he cannot become the subject of the copyright.
The difference between the copyright owner and the author: The copyright owner is not necessarily the author, but the author may be the copyright owner. This issue is discussed in more detail below on the issue of attribution of works.