The classification of foreign exchange monetary funds should be clear, and no cross-accounts are allowed between subjects. Capital account refers to a special account opened by a foreign-invested enterprise when a foreign party injects foreign exchange capital. The deposit in the capital account usually will not exceed the maximum limit for opening a capital account approved by the foreign exchange bureau, unless there is a small amount of deposit interest. The cumulative inflow of funds into the capital account shall not exceed 1% of the maximum account limit approved by the foreign exchange bureau, and the absolute amount shall not exceed the equivalent of US$30,000 (calculated based on the exchange rate on the day of entry). It can be filled in based on the analysis, calculation and columns of actually received domestic and foreign foreign exchange capital, foreign exchange settlement and purchase balance, current account balance and other subjects.
External debt account deposits refer to the balance of the foreign debt withdrawal account of foreign-invested enterprises. Foreign debt borrowed by foreign-invested enterprises shall not exceed the difference between total investment and registered capital (that is, the "bet difference"). Domestic foreign exchange borrowings (including borrowings from domestic foreign-funded financial institutions) are not within the scope of foreign debt statistics and therefore are not reflected in this account. It can be analyzed, calculated and reported based on overseas borrowings, foreign exchange settlement and purchase balances, current account balances and other subjects.
If the closing balance of the capital account and the external debt account is less than the opening balance, that is, there is use of funds in the current period, the focus should be on reviewing whether the use of funds is in compliance, and whether the payment of funds is in compliance with regulations. Whether its foreign exchange settlement has a real trading background. Current account deposits refer to the foreign exchange funds received from regular business between foreign-invested enterprises and non-residents. It mainly includes exports of goods and services, earnings and current transfers, etc. It can be filled in based on the analysis and calculation of bank deposits, import and export 121 customs declarations, trade credit systems, current account balances and other subjects.
Other account deposits mainly refer to other accounts related to the capital inflow and outflow of foreign-invested enterprises, such as foreign-invested enterprise foreign currency stock trading accounts, asset realization accounts, etc. Foreign investors’ special foreign exchange accounts (investment, expense, guarantee and acquisition) accounts are usually not opened by foreign-invested enterprises, so changes in funds in such accounts are not reflected in other accounts.
2. Foreign exchange accounts receivable.
This account reflects the receivables arising from the transactions of goods, services, and intangible assets denominated and settled in foreign currencies by foreign-invested enterprises, including foreign investment permitted by foreign exchange management regulations. Foreign currency settlement transactions between enterprises and domestic institutions. "Accounts received in advance" and "Other payables" with debit balances are also reflected in this account. This account is mainly used to classify and reflect goods, services and other foreign exchange receivables. If there are too many foreign exchange accounts receivable, attention should be paid to whether there is evasion.Foreign exchange behavior, especially when the international balance of payments situation reverses, whether there is capital flight.
3. Prepaid foreign exchange account.
This account reflects the advance payments incurred by foreign-invested enterprises due to import business, etc., including advance payments arising from economic transactions with domestic enterprises permitted by regulations. "Foreign exchange payables" with a debit balance will be reflected in this account. This subject should also focus on whether there is capital flight.
4. Foreign exchange dividends receivable.
This account reflects the declared cash dividends distributed by the invested enterprise received from overseas investments by foreign-invested enterprises or domestic foreign exchange investments by investment-oriented foreign-invested enterprises. This subject should be filled in based on the analysis of overseas investment and domestic foreign exchange investment.
5. Overseas investment.
This account reflects foreign-invested enterprises’ overseas investments in cash, physical goods, intangible assets and equity, etc., regardless of whether the investment has a controlling status, it is accounted for using the cost method. The debit side reflects the increase in overseas investment equity, and the credit side reflects the recovery of the overseas investment principal. It can be calculated and filled in based on accounts such as the difference between foreign exchange settlement and purchase, foreign exchange monetary funds, and non-foreign exchange assets. Focus on reviewing whether overseas investment is registered with the commerce and foreign exchange bureaus and other departments, and the initial expenses for overseas investment are listed in the overseas investment account.
6. Domestic foreign exchange investment.
This account reflects the foreign exchange investment of foreign-invested enterprises with domestic legal income, and the domestic investment of investment-oriented foreign-invested enterprises (including RMB obtained, profits, liquidation, equity transfer , advance recovery of investment and capital reduction) are also calculated using the cost method, and the reporting method is the same as that of overseas investment. 7. Non-foreign exchange assets. This account reflects the balance of transactions denominated in foreign currencies by foreign-invested enterprises but settled with non-foreign exchange funds. A debit represents an increase in non-foreign exchange assets and a credit represents a decrease in non-foreign exchange assets.
Non-foreign exchange assets - RMB, reflect the net difference between the accumulated RMB inflow amount minus the RMB outflow amount in RMB transactions denominated in foreign currencies. The debit side reflects the inflow of RMB funds from foreign-invested enterprises to increase liabilities and equity denominated in foreign currencies or to reduce assets denominated in foreign currencies, such as: profits, liquidations, and equity transfers obtained by foreign shareholders of foreign-invested enterprises from other foreign-invested enterprises established in the country. , the RMB proceeds from investment recovery and capital reduction in advance increase the foreign investment of the enterprise; foreign-invested enterprises useto recover its domestic investment and income in RMB. The creditor reflects that the foreign-invested enterprise uses RMB funds to reduce its liabilities and equity denominated in foreign currency or to increase its assets denominated in foreign currency. For example: paying overseas foreign personnel’s wages in RMB, paying foreign shareholders in RMB to recover their investment in advance, paying foreign shareholders in RMB for capital reduction, and reinvesting RMB profits earned by investment foreign-invested enterprises within the country, etc. The project should normally obtain approval from the foreign exchange bureau.
Non-foreign exchange assets - fixed assets and intangible assets, reflect foreign-invested enterprises denominated in foreign currencies but traded in fixed assets and intangible assets. The debit side of this item reflects the inflow of fixed assets and intangible assets of foreign-invested enterprises to increase liabilities and equity denominated in foreign currencies or to decrease assets denominated in other currencies. For example: foreign shareholders of foreign-invested enterprises contribute capital or financing to the enterprise with overseas machinery and equipment, intangible assets, etc. ; Foreign shareholders of foreign-invested enterprises shall invest in machinery and equipment and intangible assets obtained from other foreign-invested enterprises established in the country, from distribution of profits, liquidation, equity transfer, advance recovery of investment and capital reduction; foreign-invested enterprises shall invest in machinery, equipment and intangible assets Recover overseas investment or domestic foreign exchange investment and income; the credit of this project reflects that the foreign-invested enterprise's expenditure on fixed assets and intangible assets reduces liabilities and equity denominated in foreign currencies or increases assets denominated in foreign currency, such as: foreign-invested enterprises use machinery and equipment, Intangible assets, etc. for overseas investment. This item should be filled in based on the analysis of "fixed assets", "intangible assets" and other subjects.
Non-foreign exchange assets - transfer of capital consideration. This account reflects the balance of equity changes between foreign shareholders in foreign-invested enterprises that do not involve the enterprise's foreign exchange cash flow, and The balance of changes in claims and debts between Chinese and foreign creditors and debtors that do not involve the company's foreign exchange cash flow. The debit side of this project reflects the foreign shareholder's acquisition of the Chinese shareholder's equity and the foreign party's acquisition of the Chinese creditor's claims, and the credit side reflects the Chinese shareholder's acquisition of the foreign shareholder's equity and the Chinese party's acquisition of the foreign creditor's claim. This item should be filled in based on the analysis of "accounts receivable", "accounts payable", "accounts received in advance", "prepaid accounts", "paid-in capital" and other accounts. The project usually has documents approved by the foreign exchange bureau.
Non-foreign exchange assets - unilateral capital transfer, the debit side of this account reflects the company's unilateral exemption or unilateral abandonment of foreign exchange financial claims or equity, and the credit side reflects The unilateral exemption or unilateral abandonment of the company's claims and equity by overseas financial creditors and equity holders, and the net gains and losses from equity and financial claims transactions are also recorded in this item. This item should be filled in based on the analysis of "long-term equity investment", "long-term borrowing", "paid-in capital" and other subjects. Non-foreign exchange assets—others. This account reflects the amount of capital reserve, surplus reserve, and undistributed profits of the enterprise that foreign shareholders enjoy in proportion to their proportion. This project should be based on "capital reserve", "surplus reserve"", "Undistributed profits" or "share capital" and other accounts should be analyzed and filled in. Focus on reviewing whether there are documents approved by the foreign exchange bureau.
8. The difference between foreign exchange settlement and purchase.
This account reflects the net difference between the accumulated foreign exchange settlement and foreign exchange purchases. Foreign exchange settlement refers to the act of foreign-invested enterprises converting disposable foreign exchange funds into RMB at the bank. The debit side of the foreign exchange purchase account is reflected. Foreign exchange settlement is divided into capital account settlement and current account settlement. Capital account settlement includes foreign exchange settlement of capital funds of foreign-invested enterprises, foreign exchange settlement of borrowed foreign debts and other exchange settlements under the capital account. Foreign exchange purchase refers to purchases by foreign-invested enterprises in RMB from banks. The behavior of foreign exchange is reflected in the credit of the foreign exchange settlement and purchase account. The purchase of foreign exchange is also divided into the purchase of foreign exchange under the capital account and the purchase under the current account. The purchase of foreign exchange under the capital account includes the repayment of the principal and interest of foreign debt, the repayment of domestic foreign exchange loans, overseas investment, liquidation and remittance by foreign parties, etc. Various forms.
The current foreign exchange management policy stipulates that all foreign exchange transactions are conducted through foreign exchange accounts, so it can be analyzed and filled in according to the income and expenditure of the foreign exchange account. This subject If it is a negative number, that is, the amount of foreign exchange purchased is greater than the amount of foreign exchange settlement or there is only the amount of foreign exchange purchased, it is also recorded on the asset side. The settlement of capital should have a real transaction background, the settlement of foreign debt should have documents approved by the foreign exchange bureau, and the settlement of capital exceeds 50,000 US dollars. , there should be a payment order letter for the RMB funds obtained from the capital settlement, and documents such as proof of the use of the RMB funds after the settlement.
9. Exchange rate conversion difference.
Economic transactions denominated in non-U.S. dollars currencies are converted into U.S. dollars according to the foreign exchange rate announced by the People's Bank of China at the time of occurrence. At the end of the year, they are then announced in December 3113 of the year in which the People's Bank of China participates in the inspection. The foreign exchange rate is adjusted, and the adjustment difference is recorded in this account. Exchange gains are reflected on the debit side, and exchange losses are reflected on the credit side. If this item is a negative number, that is, exchange losses are also recorded on the asset side.10. Other assets.
This account is the final balancing item, reflecting the errors and omissions that occurred in the preparation of this table by foreign-invested enterprises. , through the offset of this item, the "total assets" of the foreign exchange receipts and payments statement is equal to the "total balance of liabilities and current accounts". Other assets are positive numbers, indicating that there are no clearly classified assets flowing into the country; other assets are negative numbers, indicating that there is no disclosure. Clear asset outflow. If this item is negative, it will also be reflected on the asset side.
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